All applications used within a test environment must be licensed under the OLSA or another appropriate Oracle license agreement. The production environment relates to end users for the organisation. All applications used within a production environment must be licensed under the OLSA or another appropriate Oracle license agreement. If a user purchases a perpetual license not a subscription license then the licensee can pay an annual fee for support.
The support that the licensee then receives gives the organisation the right to contact Oracle directly for support, and also gives the licensee rights to use the latest version of Oracle software.
Furthermore, the licensee can use all previous versions that are still supported by Oracle. It is worth noting, that while the user may be entitled to the latest version, there may be aspects that require additional or different types of licenses. There may be costly restrictions! Having support adds complexity when understanding Oracle licenses. Often users will rely on their support invoices to understand their license grant.
This is not complete, as the support invoice does not hold all the nuances in terms and definitions. Furthermore, support is offered as standard with subscription licensing, such as Oracle clouds offerings. Oracle LMS is a global venture available to anyone with an investment in Oracle licensing. The aim of Oracle LMS is to help support customers with the proper and effective management of their software licenses, and help with deployment.
Oracle audits are complicated and time consuming, and often end up with the licensee on the receiving end of a fine. Below is a brief version of a few of the important questions around Oracle licensing audits or reviews. Whenever you install an Oracle program, whether as an individual or as a corporation, you agree to the terms and conditions of a license agreement.
These agreements specify under which terms and conditions that you are allowed to make use of the Oracle programs but also provide Oracle the permission to perform an audit. Oracle LMS is chartered to perform license audits at end-users and partners. During an audit, you are requested to complete an Excel overview Oracle Server Worksheet with the details of your IT infrastructure. In addition, you might be requested to run scripts on your servers or to execute various commands on the different software programs.
The completed overview and the output log files, are requested to be sent back to Oracle for analysis purposes. At the end, the results of the analysis are formalized in a final report, through which Oracle presents you with your license compliance status.
If you agree to pay for the necessary licenses to become compliant, the process usually ends there. The audit starts when you receive a notification letter in which you are notified that you have been selected for a license audit or license review. The LMS consultant that performs the audit or the LMS partner that is selected for the audit is listed in the letter as well. You are requested to assign a single point of contact within your organization, which will act as the coordinator for the audit from your side.
If end-users have been keeping good, complete, and accurate records of their software deployments, 45 days should be ample time to respond to the audit request. The typical answer of the auditors will be that you are randomly selected. As per the terms of the license agreement, you are responsible for any of your costs that are incurred in cooperating with the audit.
Recently, the Campaign for Clear Licensing started their project to try and help highlight the complexities around Oracle licensing, and how the licensing metrics need to be made clearer to customers.
The CCL want to be Oracle users voice in making a difference and helping them understand their Oracle licenses. Furthermore, the CCL want to help communicate licensing changes effectively and efficiently to Oracle users, as without adequate communication users could end up paying an awful lot of money for licenses they were not aware they needed. Oracle licensing remains one of the most complex structures to understand.
This licensing quick guide has gone over the basics of Oracle licensing and how to ensure you keep up-to-date with Oracle licensing changes.
Organisations Oracle estates will differ as environments and requirements are different. Click here for more information. Image credit. If you have perpetual licenses, your support will be charged separately per year. For some Oracle products, your support agreement may not give you the rights to use them so you should always check your terms and conditions.
Oracle support agreements add an additional layer of complexity to understanding your Oracle licensing. This is largely due to historically agreed terms and conditions still being valid and active today. You should not rely on your invoices to understand what your licenses entitle you to use, as support invoices do not convey all the complexities you need to understand. For subscription licensing, support is provided as standard. With Certero for Oracle you can store your Oracle support contracts and build a calendar of all your license renewals.
These are time based but unlimited use rights, which cover certain subsets of Oracle products. At the end your ULA period, you have to declare your usage of these products to Oracle, along with a count of the number of user licenses you need. You are then granted the licenses for the products covered by the ULA. Where your users cannot be counted or verified, Oracle uses processor licensing.
An example of when this might occur is web applications. These are hosted in environments where counting your user licenses is difficult. To calculate your licenses you can multiply the total number of cores of the processors used, by a core processor licensing factor. If you are licensing your Oracle products under Standard Edition One or Standard Edition, a processor is defined as equivalent to a socket.
However, if you have multi-chip modules, each chip is defined as equivalent to a socket. Minimums are per processor and calculated after the number of processors requiring licenses has been determined. Processor licensing is not offered if you are using Personal Edition Oracle products.
Oracle user-based licensing covers the individuals and devices that have the ability to access your Oracle software, irrespective of their active usage. Under this license, automatic batching of data from computer-to-computer is permitted. What this means is if you store data in one relational database and then batch it to your data warehouse that uses Oracle technology, you as a user of the first database are not considered a named user of the data warehouse.
It is important to note, NUP licensing can only be used in countable environments to cover your employees, contractors or internally used applications. Many Oracle customers use this license type for development and test environments. In the past, Oracle did have another license type called Named User, but it is no longer available for new customers.
However, it may still be part of your existing Oracle licensing agreements. Essentially this license covers individuals within your organization who have been authorized to use your Oracle software, irrespective of whether they are actively using it. These people can be employees or contractors, but also customers who may use your Oracle products either directly or indirectly via other applications.
If you have non-human devices in your architecture, such as sensors or other IoT technology, these may also need to be counted as named users. Named User Licensing limits the number of individuals who are authorized to use Oracle on any of your servers. This type of license is no longer available to new customers but may be part of your existing Oracle licensing agreements.
This can include humans or systems and as part of this license, you must adhere to the Oracle User Minimums rule. Concurrent Device CD licenses are no longer available to new customers but again, they may be part of your existing Oracle licensing agreements.
There is also a Network License version. The subsequent license is application specific and cannot be used for anything else. There are many subtleties and nuances that impact licensing and costs, which are ever changing. This article only scratches the surface and there are many more layers of complexity underneath. For a more comprehensive guide, download our Oracle License Optimization white paper. To take control of your Oracle licensing, you have a number of options to choose from:.
If you have good Oracle licensing knowledge in-house, you might decide that you know enough to be able to optimize your Oracle licensing position internally. Take a look at Certero for Oracle for more information on Oracle inventory and license management.
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